Similarities Between The Spanish American And Atlantic...

This period of time is made up by the American, French, Haitian, and Spanish American Revolutions. If broken down, the revolutions have very few things in common and the list of differences seem to go on forever. However, the similarities are what tie all of the revolutions together. Their similar political vocabulary and a large democratic nature are a couple of examples that make them alike. If looking at the picture as a whole, the revolutions can be compared because they all had one goal to meet. Some of the revolutions are considered victories, while others did not benefit the citizens at all. In addition to that, the Revolutions took place to prove to not only others, but to themselves that they are more than what they believe- if†¦show more content†¦Lastly, the Spanish American Revolutions, which took place in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies of mainland Latin American. The Spanish American colonists saw the change that took place after the three previous revolut ions and realized that they were in the same position. The natives of the Latin American colonies, creoles, become insulted by how the government of their country had become. They, too, also had a monarchy system that tried to tax the colonists. However, the Spanish colonist did not create their own revolution; they were invaded by Napoleon. Ultimately, the outcome was good because the king was overthrown and the states gained their independence. All of the people who were directly impacted by these revolutions were pleased because they gained their independence from a higher power. Though, the people who were not directly affected, they did not get benefitted in the long run. Throughout the revolution, the main point was to overthrow a higher power. As a result, all four revolutions gained their independence and were directly impacted by the results; however, the people who were not impacted directly (the people of higher power) suffered in the long run. First, the American Revolution made Britain suffer due to the debt that they were in. British parliament had decided that they could rely on the New England colonies to pay their debt from the war with France. Their plan backfired and ended up makingShow MoreRelatedAtlantic History : Concept And Contours854 Words   |  4 PagesThe study of the Atlantic as an interwoven community is a relatively new theory. Historians are beginning to see Atlantic History as â€Å"a sudden and harsh encounter between two old worlds that transformed both and integrated them into a single New World† , and not just separate entities with detached pasts. Atlantic History: Concept and Contours by Bernard Bailyn lays t he framework for what Atlantic History is and how it should be studied. Bailyn states that the reasoning behind writing the book isRead MoreThe Role Of Gold Of Global Commerce Between 1450 And 17501887 Words   |  8 Pages1. Describe the role of silver in global commerce between 1450 and 1750. Provide specific examples from the assigned readings. [Week 10] During 1450 and 1750, silver fueled global commerce as it was the â€Å"first direct and sustained link between the Americas and Asia† and initiated trade connections across the Pacific. As a key commodity, silver enriched economies and was used for purchase of African slaves, spices, and Asian goods. 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Most specifically, the AfricanRead MoreThe Human Web: Class Notes3179 Words   |  13 PagesAsia and eastern Africa benefited less from these improvements and still relied heavily on overland caravans ïÆ'Ëœ In the Pacific web, the reasons for the web were more political than commercial o Caused by the similarities between the islands, combined with the vast distances between ïÆ'Ëœ The American web stretched from the Great Lakes to the southern Andes o Encompassed anywhere from 40-60 million people o Water transport was important o Two nodes: central Mexico (Aztec) and Peru (Inca) ï‚ § Aztec: PoliticallyRead MoreColonization and the First Globalization2299 Words   |  10 Pagesnations that were on the Atlantic Rim exploited the riches and resources of the Americas. Due to their region’s position in the Eurasian economy, Europeans were determined to gain access to the New World. 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Diversity Key Attributes Free Essays

Bus 520 Week 1 Case: Diversity Competency 1. Which key attributes of the diversity competency are illustrated in this case? Give a specific example of each attributes identified. The key attributes of the diversity competency that were illustrated in this case are embracing and developing personal team or organizational tendencies and learning from individuals, teams, or organizations with different characteristics, experiences, perspectives, and backgrounds. We will write a custom essay sample on Diversity: Key Attributes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Accenture incorporated these attributes by introducing Back-up Dependent Care, Lifework, and Future Leave programs. . Which key attributes of the self-competency are illustrated by Chris Tserng in this case? Give a specific example of each attribute identified. The key attributes of the self competency that were illustrated by Chris Tserng are taking responsibility for managing oneself and career over time and through stressful circumstances; assessing and establishing one’s own developmental personal, and work-related goals. In the case, Chris had been at Accenture for ten years before she started a family. Once the baby was born, she planned to take her scheduled maternity leave and vacation time. During the time she was off, Chris hired a caregiver however; the caregiver could not start when Chris was ready to work. Chris took advantage of the Future Leave program. This program allows employees to address personal and family issues while preserving their careers. 3. Which key attributes of the change competency are illustrated in this case? Give a specific example of each attribute identified. Accenture illustrated the following key attributes of change competency: Seeking gaining, sharing, and applying new knowledge in the pursuit of constant improvement, creativity, and entirely new approaches or goals, applying processes to introduces and achieve organizational change. Accenture conducted internal surveys through out the company. The company collected the data from the surveys and found out what was important to their employees. With this information, Accenture introduce several programs that allowed employees to balance their personal and professional lives. How to cite Diversity: Key Attributes, Papers

Audit Assurance Compliance Analytical Process - Free samples

Question: Discuss About The Assurance Compliance Analytical Process? Answer: Introducation Application of Analytical Process: In the process of developing the audit plan of DIPL, analytical process of the financial information provides a significant assistance. On the other hand, audit plan provides the necessary guidelines and directions to the auditors at the time of audit operations. On a more precise note, audit plan helps the auditors to maintain the audit cost in a certain limit and to stop misunderstanding with the audit clients. Analytical approach of the financial information of DIPL refers to the process of spreading the financial information from different financial declaration of the company. The process to evaluate the financial information of the companies can be done with the help of various mechanisms. With the help of the use of analytical approach in order to analyze the financial information, all the accounts and financial analysts of the companies can use this information in order to take various accounting and financial decisions. Common sizing analyti cal approach helps in the process of analyzing the financial declaration of the companies from common reference points. One of the major advantages of this is that it provides assistance to compare the financial reports from different financial timelines (Titera 2013). Accountants and financial analysts can use various item lines from the financial statements and the also can check their base of preparation for the companies. For example, the registration process of various accenting and financial items in the financial reports like assets, net liabilities, owners equity and others can be take into consideration along with examination of digression of them from the normal situation. One of the major anal cal process of financial information is Benchmarking and this process can be used for the analysis of companys audit plan. With the help of benchmarking process, variance in the financial reports of the companies can be spotted and the actual causes of the occurrence of these variances can be determined with the determination of root cause of these variances. Apart from the benchmarking process, Ratio Analysis is considered as a major analytical process of financial information of the companies. Ration analysis is especially helpful in the comparis on of the financial reports of two or many companies in order to develop the audit plan (Jans et al. 2014). Explanation: The adopted analytical approaches of the companies to analyze the financial information has significant influence on the development of audit planning process and this is necessary for spreading the financial information among the various departments of the companies. For example, as an outcome of the Current Ratio analysis of DIPL, it can be seen that in the financial year 2013, 2014 and 2015, the current ration of the company are 1.42, 1.46 and 1.5 respectively. As another example, Profit Margin can be taken into consideration as a part of profitability of the company. From this profitability analysis, it can be seen that in the year 2013, 2014 and 2015, profit margin of DIPL were 0.068, 0.60 and 0.06 respectively. This analysis of profitability helps to reveal the amount of net income earned against the amount of net sales of DIPL. In addition, this analysis of profitability provides the accountants and financial analysts with the view that whether the expenses of the company are low or high. Apart from this, it also helps the accountants and financial analysts to understand the effectiveness of the companys budget along with the requirement for companys expansion. The analysis of rations is a major tool for the auditors of DIPL. The favorable and unfavorable changes in the financial and performance rations of DIPL help the auditors to develop the understanding about the current financial health of the company. In this regard, the example of the solvency ratio analysis can be taken into consideration. As per the analysis of solvency ratios of DIPL, in the year 2013, 2014 and 2015, the solvency ratio of the DIPL was 0.62, 0.44 and 0.21 respectively. This analysis is helpful for underrating the desirable or undesirable trend of the companys performance in the recent years. The comparison of rations have its significance in determining that whether the current cash flow of the company is good enough to meet the short term and long term obligations of DIPL or not. On a more precise note, it can be said that the analysis and comparison of financial and performance ratios helps the accountants and financial analysis to determine the relative financial position of the organization over the three years. It helps to d etermine whether the current financial position of the company is desirable or undesirable. In case of undesirable financial position of DIPL, the management of the company needs to take corrective measures to revive the financial condition of the company. For all these reason, analytical process of financial information has significant importance (Knechel and Salterio 2016). Risk Factors: There are some major risk factors that can be raised from the business operations of DIPL. According to the case study, it can be see that the accounts or management of the company has omitted numerous business transactions of DIPL. This process has a direct link with the inconsistencies in the planning of various marketing and sales activities of the company. According to the analysis of various financial statements and reports of DIPL, it can be seen that the company has failed to achieve the targeted profit level from sales revenue. The main reason is the incontinency and ineffectiveness of the companys management in the business operations. Thus, it can be seen that the company has failed to measure the impact of various micro and macro economic factors that have effects on the business operations of DIPL like economic, political and social factors. Thus, it can be said that the poor revenue and profit margin of the company lead to the inherent risks (Hayes, Wallage and Gortemaker 2014). In addition, the employees of DIPL have rapidly increased the amount of this inherent risk. The level of inherent risks of the companys increases due to the lack of experienced proficiency and professionalism of the employees as the success of the businesses vastly depend on their employees performance. As the inexperienced and inefficient workforce of DIPL is bound to make mistakes, the inherent risks will be increased. According to the case study of DIPL, complexities can be seen in the process of succession of CEO of the company. As a result, this process leads to the increase in inherent risks in the organization. Major inherent risks can be seen in the ineffective process of selecting the succession of CEO of the company. Apart from this, it can be seen that DIPL do not have enough number of employees for the handling of their business operations. This reason also leads to the increase in inherent risks in the business operations of DIPL. Thus, from the above discussion, it can be seen that these are the major reason of the increase in inherent risks in DIPLs business operations (Nalewaik and Mills 2016). Explanation: It can be seen that there is excessive workload on the employees of the company. This excessive workload leads to the poor bookkeeping of the company and this issue leads to various cash flow issues, ineffective operating outcome, ineffective liquidity and solvency position of the company and others. Apart from this, risk of error can be seen in the financial statements due to the lack of proper interpretation. In this regard, the management of DIPL has a significant role to play. It has been seen that the management of DIPL lacks integrity and accountability and for this reason, they are suffering from the concern of loosing reputation in the business community. High incentive structure for management creates excessive pressure on the management and it leads to material misstatements in the financial statements and reports (William Jr, Glover and Prawitt 2016). [A] Identification and Explanation of Two Fraud Risks: In the business organizations, fraud risks can be considered as one of the major risks for the business organizations. Due to the occurrence of fraud risks, the business organizations use to loss major amount of business assets. In many of the time in the organizations, major dissatisfactions can be seen among the workforce and these dissatisfactions often force them to involve in different kinds of frauds in the organizations. Another major reason of fraud is the expectations of different investors of the organizations. The promise made by the management of the companies to attain a certain financial performance often contributes to high level of fraud (Arens et al. 2016). In case of the business operations of DIPL, the major risk that can be happened from the business operations includes the engagement of the workers in different kinds of fraudulent. This can be happened as a result of dissatisfaction of the employees. According to the provided case study of DIPL, it can be seen that there is a tremendous pressure from the end of the board of the company for the adoption of a new accounting system. The adoption of this new accounting system creates a huge pressure on the workforce of the company and this pressure light contributes to fraud. Thus, it can be said that in order to cope up with the pressure of reconciliation, the employees many take the way of fraud activities and they may handle the whole procedure in a wrong manner that leads to material misstatements. From this particular case study, it can also be seen that the process of ineffective handling of the new information technology implementation leads to improper treatment of some major ac counting and financial transactions at the end of the year. This whole process may lead to the loss of financial information and material misstatements (Beasley 2015). Apart from this, another major fraud risk is the fraud in the process of financial reporting. High risk of ineffective financial announcements can be seen in case excessive financial expectations can be seen from various stakeholders for the declaration of financial announcements, in case the announcement from the companys management to meet certain specific performance target and in case certain target of the goals for the acquisition of certain debts. According to the financial statements of DIPL, it can be seen that there is an increase of revenue of the company from the year 2013 to 2015. Apart from this, there is also increase in the gross profit and net profit of the company. Escalation can be seen in the current assets and total assets of the company. From the case study, it can be seen that DIPL acquitted a loan of 7.5 million from BDO finance in the financial year 2015. From the case study, it can also be seen that as per the loan agreement, DIPL needed to maintain a current ratio of around 1.5 and a debt-equity ratio that is lower than 1. The need of this specific requirement might be to create pressure on the company to repay the loan on as per the agreed timeline. These requirements can lead to fraudulent as DIPL may manipulate the financial reports for false reflection of financial position of the company. In case DIPL fails to maintain the required benchmark, the company will become ineligible to acquire loan from BDO Finance (Cannon and Bedard 2016). [B] Explanation: As per the provided case study, it can be observed that the valuation process of the raw materials of the business on the basis of average cost is not the effective and suitable as the current cost of the paper was more than that of the average cost. The major risk in the identification of fraudulent activities of the employees for the implementation of new information technology system can be identified by monitoring the activities in different phrases of jobs. Apart from this risk, the risk related to financial reporting can be identified by evaluating the various financial statements and reports of the companies by the accountants and financial analysis with the help of various analytical and control mechanism. This process of monitoring needs to be done on a timely basis (Duncan and Whittington 2014). References Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Hogan, C.E., 2016.Auditing and assurance services. Pearson. Beasley, M.S., 2015.Auditing cases: An interactive learning approach. Prentice Hall. Cannon, N. and Bedard, J.C., 2016. Auditing challenging fair value measurements: Evidence from the field.The Accounting Review. Duncan, B. and Whittington, M., 2014, September. Compliance with standards, assurance and audit: Does this equal security?. InProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks(p. 77). ACM. Hayes, R., Wallage, P. and Gortemaker, H., 2014.Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Jans, M., Alles, M.G. and Vasarhelyi, M.A., 2014. A field study on the use of process mining of event logs as an analytical procedure in auditing.The Accounting Review,89(5), pp.1751-1773. Knechel, W.R. and Salterio, S.E., 2016.Auditing: Assurance and risk. Taylor Francis. Nalewaik, A. and Mills, A., 2016.Project Performance Review: Capturing the Value of Audit, Oversight, and Compliance for Project Success. CRC Press. Titera, W.R., 2013. Updating audit standardEnabling audit data analysis.Journal of Information Systems,27(1), pp.325-331. William Jr, M., Glover, S. and Prawitt, D., 2016.Auditing and assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Education.

Rationale of the study Essay Example

Rationale of the study Essay This chapter presents the background of the study, rationale of the study, conceptual framework, objectives of the study, scope and delimitation, significance of the study and the definition of terms. Introduction Amazing and exciting , confusing and frustrating, and above all else, an undeniable presence of life. Love them or hate them, computer is entering everyones life. Computers play a big role nowadays in our improving modern time and technology. It sakes the user at ease whenever manipulating important files. Thus, everything in this world has changed from simple to the most intricate, where everything is being computerized. We cannot deny the fact that computers have evolved from scientific curiosity to an absolutely necessary tool in virtually all areas of our lives. In a business establishment such as Master Supermarket, computerizing of their system will lead them to a well-organized company and suited for future competitiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on Rationale of the study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rationale of the study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rationale of the study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The company doesnt have an automated system to use for the necessity of an advance file and reports. It takes a lot of reports to produce. This is the reason why the proponents want them to ease their burden. With the knowledge about the computer capabilities, the difficulty of manipulating their files manually will no longer be a problem. With the use of computers, simple tasks can be performed according to specific instructions at such fresh speed at a high degree of accuracy. Only users of large, expensive computer systems could enjoy the power of database management. Data was organized and manipulated as a result, individual and small business benefits from this type of system. Today managing a business has never been easy. Before, business does not need a large amount of capital and can start even without an exhaustive investigation regarding its viability thats why most number of businesses did not succeed, but now, if someone wants a bigger profit

The eNotes Blog Problematic Peacocks and Other Elizabethan EraWarnings

Problematic Peacocks and Other Elizabethan EraWarnings Perhaps the reason the Virgin Queen decided to remain so is to avoid the humiliation of having one of her upstart subjects oil paint a picture of her swaddling cat in her arms. Maybe someday there will be superstitions that arise from the era when Queen Kate and King William reign, but it is unlikely that they will be as elaborate or as colorful as these.   The folks over at The Oddment Emporium  recently posted this list from an elderly nobleman known here only as Sir Cecil who reflected on the superstitions that arose during the era of the Maiden Queen, Elizabeth the First. During the era of my youth, Sir Cecil recalled, it was most important these be followed at all times. 1. One must always say â€Å"God bless you when one wouldst sneeze or else the devil would enter ones body and possess it while the mouth was open. 2. The seventh son of a seventh son possessed great magical properties. If Your Majesty is familiar with the writings of the great contemporary author Miss Joanne Rowling, one wouldst be aware she borrowed this belief though in her literature. It did not apply only to sons but daughters also and the great witch Ginevra Weasley was the seventh child of a father who was a seventh son. (I dont think this is what Sir Cecil had in mind) 3. Peacocks are ill omens, and the eye on the peacock feather is the evil eye of Satan or one of his foul minions. 4. Trees are filled with magick and one can guard against ill omens like the dreaded peacock feather by touching an object made of wood. 5. One must never put one’s shoes on the table for this shall bring death upon one’s household. (So much senseless death is coming) 6. If one should spill salt or pepper this is a great ill omen and a great misfortune, for such spices are extremely expensive. 7. The greatest and most wicked of all ill omens is the eclipse. If such a horrible malfunction of the heavens is to occur, it shall bring death, destruction, and poor manners upon the kingdom. Even the great noble houses shall not be immune to its ill effects. One must always be wary of this time of great peril! (Spilling salt on your peacock during an eclipse heralds the Apocalypse.) Great thanks to Your Majesty for allowing a meager and humble subject such as myself to send you this information I have gathered. May your glorious reign last forever. Your most loyal subject, Sir Cecil

Biography of Benjamin Banneker, Author and Naturalist

Biography of Benjamin Banneker, Author and Naturalist Benjamin Banneker (November 9, 1731–October 9, 1806) was a self-educated scientist, astronomer, inventor, writer, and antislavery publicist. He built a striking clock entirely from wood, published a farmers almanac, and actively campaigned against slavery. He was one of the first African Americans to gain distinction for achievements in science. Fast Facts: Benjamin Banneker Known For: Banneker was a writer, inventor, and naturalist who published a series of farmers almanacs in the late 1700s.Born: November 9, 1731 in Baltimore County, MarylandParents: Robert and Mary BannekyDied: October 9, 1806 in Oella, MarylandPublished Works: Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia Almanack and Ephemeris, for the Year of our Lord, 1792Notable Quote: â€Å"The color of the skin is in no way connected with strength of the mind or intellectual powers.† Early Life Benjamin Banneker was born on November 9, 1731, in Baltimore County, Maryland. Although he was born a free man, he was the descendant of slaves. At that time, the law dictated that if your mother was a slave then you were a slave, and if she was a free woman then you were a free person. Bannekers grandmother Molly Walsh was a bi-racial English immigrant and an indentured servant who married an African slave named Banna Ka, who had been brought to the Colonies by a slave trader. Molly had served seven years as an indentured servant before she acquired and worked on her own small farm. Molly Walsh purchased her future husband Banna Ka and another African to work on her farm. The name Banna Ka was later changed to Bannaky and then changed to Banneker. Benjamins mother Mary Banneker was born free. Benjamins father Rodger was a former slave who had bought his own freedom before marrying Mary. Education Banneker was educated by Quakers, but most of his education was self-taught. He quickly revealed to the world his inventive nature and first achieved national acclaim for his scientific work in the 1791 survey of the Federal Territory (now Washington, D.C.). In 1753, he built one of the first watches made in America, a wooden pocket watch. Twenty years later, Banneker began making astronomical calculations that enabled him to successfully forecast a 1789 solar eclipse. His estimate, made well in advance of the celestial event, contradicted predictions of better-known mathematicians and astronomers. Bannekers mechanical and mathematical abilities impressed many, including Thomas Jefferson, who encountered Banneker after George Elliot had recommended him for the surveying team that laid out Washington, D.C. Almanacs Banneker is best known for his six annual farmers almanacs, which he published between 1792 and 1797. In his free time, Banneker began compiling the Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia Almanac and Ephemeris. The almanacs included information on medicines and medical treatment and listed tides, astronomical information, and eclipses, all calculated by Banneker himself. Many historians believe that the first printed almanac dates to 1457 and was printed by Gutenberg in Mentz, Germany. Benjamin Franklin published his Poor Richards Almanacs in America from 1732 to 1758. Franklin used the assumed name of Richard Saunders and wrote witty maxims in his almanacs such as Light purse, heavy heart and Hunger never saw bad bread. Bannekers almanacs, though they appeared later, were more focused on delivering accurate information than on communicating Bannekers personal views. Letter to Thomas Jefferson On August 19, 1791, Banneker sent a copy of his first almanac to Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson. In an enclosed letter, he questioned the slaveholders sincerity as a friend to liberty. He urged Jefferson to help get rid of absurd and false ideas that one race is superior to another. Banneker wished Jeffersons sentiments to be the same as his, that one Universal Father...afforded us all the same sensations and endowed us all with the same faculties. Jefferson responded with praise for Bannekers accomplishments: I thank you sincerely for your letter of the 19th and for the Almanac it contained. No body wishes more than I do to see such proofs as you exhibit, that nature has given to our black brethren, talents equal to those of the other colours of men, that the appearance of a want of them is owing merely to the degraded condition of their existence both in Africa America...I have taken the liberty of sending your almanac to Monsieur de Condorcet, Secretary of the Academy of sciences at Paris, and member of the Philanthropic society because I considered it as a document to which your whole colour had a right for their justification against the doubts which have been entertained of them. Jefferson later sent a letter to the Marquis de Condorcet informing him about Banneker- a very respectable mathematician- and his work with Andrew Ellicott, the surveyor who marked the boundaries of the Territory of Columbia (later the District of Columbia). Death Declining almanac sales eventually forced Banneker to give up his work. He died at home on October 9, 1806, at the age of 74. Banneker was buried at Mount Gilboa  African Methodist Episcopal Church  in  Oella, Maryland. Legacy Bannekers life became the source of legend after his death, with many attributing certain accomplishments to him for which there is little or no evidence in the historical record. His inventions and almanacs inspired later generations, and in 1980 the U.S. Postal Service issued a stamp in his honor as part of the Black Heritage series. In 1996, a number of Bannekers personal belongings were auctioned, and some of them were later loaned to the Benjamin Banneker Historical Park and Museum. Some of Bannekers personal manuscripts, including the only journal  that survived the 1806 fire that destroyed his home, are in the possession of the Maryland Historical Society. Sources Cerami, Charles A.  Benjamin Banneker Surveyor, Astronomer, Publisher, Patriot. John Wiley, 2002.Miller, John Chester.  The Wolf by the Ears: Thomas Jefferson and Slavery. University Press of Virginia, 1995.Weatherly, Myra.  Benjamin Banneker: American Scientific Pioneer. Compass Point Books, 2006.

Topical case study report Who will stop Apple's dominance of the music Essay

Topical case study report Who will stop Apple's dominance of the music delivery business - Essay Example There are some elements of surprise with each of the Apple product. This element of surprise has been the primary strategy for Apple. Whenever Apple launches a new product, million dollars are generated in free internet publicity. This has been an important part of Apple’s carefully designed strategy in order to gain customer attention (OGrady, 2008). Today some of the major products of Apple include Macintosh computer, Apple TV, iPod, iPhone, iTunes etc. In April, 2003 Apple first launched its online music store, iTunes. The music store was launched with 200,000 tracks. There are exclusive tracks 20 special artists which include U2 and Bob Dylan (Borland, J. April 28, 2003). Apple, with the launching of this new online music store, has made its position stronger than it was ever before in the digital music world. Now, the question is that could this dominance of Apple be stopped. This paper includes an in depth strategic analysis of Apple as well as of iTunes. Strategic tools that are used are Porter’s five forces model, PESTLE analysis, and Porter’s generic model. The paper also includes a critical analysis of Apple’s competitor analysis, its current market share and position. Finally the paper ends with conclusion and some specific recommendation. iTunes Music Store was launched in United kingdom in mid of 2004. Almost 800,000 songs were sold in the first week only. With this huge figure Apple surpassed OD2 which is the main competitor of the company in the first few days. As far as features were concerned UK stores were almost identical to the stores in US. Competitiveness of online music stores market could be better analyzed with the help of Porter’s Five Forces model. Any industry’s structure could be analyzed by analyzing its competitive forces. According to Michael Porter there are five competitive forces that play an important role in shaping the structure of any

HUMAN RESOURCE RESEARCH PAPERS Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HUMAN RESOURCE PAPERS - Research Paper Example The employees at all levels have a major part to play in this regard and they should take the collective effort to prevent any such situation in the organization. If any such situation arises in any organization then the management of the organization has to pay a very high price for that in terms of legal compensation or the ruining of the reputation of the company (Decenzo, 2013). Thus it is important to understand the issue from the perspective of the employees and that of the victims and how it can be prevented or dealt with in case any such situation arises. Since prevention is always better than cure hence the employer or the managers should always take a necessary step to prevent the occurrence of any such situation. They should ensure that there is no gender discrimination and every individual working in the organization should have respect for the sexual orientation of the fellow colleagues. The managers should implement a policy such that any such situation can be prevented and the code of conduct that the employees should follow in the organization should be mentioned to all the employees working (Paludi and Paludi 2003). The employees should be aware of the actions and legal steps that would be taken against the person who would commit such a belittling crime. In case such an incident occurs immediate investigation and timely action needs to be taken against the person committing the crime. The company in no way should try to safeguard such an employee even if he holds some high position in office. The employees of a company also have the duty to ensure that there is no prevailing hostility in the environment of their particular department. If an employee is apprehensive about the behavior of any co worker then the person should immediately report it to the higher management and seek for corrective action. Immediate action has to be taken by the

Negative Aspects of Stereotype Essay Example for Free

Negative Aspects of Stereotype Essay What is diversity? Why is diversity valued? Diversity is the difference by race, age, ethnicity and culture. Diversity is valued because the it is what makes everyone and everything unique. If we were all the same this would be a boring world we live in with no room for growth. With diversity everyone has something to offer society in their own unique way. What is ethnocentrism? In what ways can ethnocentrism be detrimental to a society? Ethnocentrism is judging another culture or way of living solely based off your own culture or way of living. This can be detrimental to society because it is border line racism. To judge someone because they do not believe what you believe or live the way you live is wrong. It is almost like not giving someone a job because they dont believe what you believe. Define emigration and immigration. Emigration is when Mexicans leave Mexico to settle in American illegally and immigration when someone from another country leaves their country to become a permanent resident of America. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? Groups of people are identified by race, gender, age, religion, social status i.e. Rich, middle class and poor. Why do people label and group other people? People label and group other people out of habit and in order to give them a distant identity in society. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain. Culture is your way of life. Your beliefs on how you think you should live and conduct yourself. Culture is not limited to race or ethnic background because several groups of people regardless of race can be from the same culture. Source for all answers: Racial and Ethnic Groups, Thirteenth Ed. Richard T. Schaefer. Merrill Prentice Hall. 2012

Adam Smith v. Karl Marx Essays -- Papers Capitalism Communism Essays

Adam Smith v. Karl Marx Being reared in the typical capitalist community in the United States, it is much easier for me to relate to the thoughts of Adam Smith. This is not to say that I do not agree with some of the precepts of pure Communism, but like the old adage says, "Communism looks good on paper, but in practice, it is completely ineffective." Historically, this form of government does not tend to succeed because of many factors. Some of these include basic economic differences, individualism, and technology and how it advances or serves as a detriment to the state. My stance is clear: I believe that Adam Smith has the more credible stance. Beginning with the economic side of the discussion Smith takes a Western approach in his thought processes. He states in so many words that workers are continually looking for the best job and the best wage. Marx believes that a wage-labor war will break down society and cause a downfall of the economic structure. The Capitalist belief is that each individual is continually exerting himself to find the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command (Smith 15). Smith says also in paragraph 15 that it is human nature for a person to better society while bettering himself. In Adam's opinion each person has the right to the pursuit of happiness, and that each person has to take it in their own hands to advance within society. Marx disagrees by saying that when a person betters himself he does not improve but instead endangers society. For example, when the bourgeois cuts employment because of technology, the bourgeois hurts society by "†¦instead of rising the laborers with the progress of industry, sinks them deeper below the conditions of existence of their own class... ...both of their ideas. They seem to use similar methods, using logical statements to convey their points that seem to very much contrast each other. Marx’s philosophies deal with improving society for the better to reach industrial prosperity while Smith believes that the incentives of a free market will allow this happen and that human nature will cause Marx’s theory to fail. In the end both men want one common goal which is the best possible economic system for society because both realize that economics is single greatest controller of the major aspects of society. Bibliography: Works Cited Page Marx, Karl. â€Å"The Communist Manifesto.† A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. Boston: Bedford Books, 1998. 209-32. Smith, Adam. â€Å"Of the Principle of the Commercial or Mercantile System.† A World Of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. Boston: Bedford Books, 1998. 195-205.

Augustine Medical Case

AUGUSTINE MEDICAL, INC. The Bair Hugger Patient Warming System Winston Rivero MK 4900 Prof. H. Barksdale October 16th, 2012 Industry Analysis: Many competitive technologies are available for the prevention and treatment of postoperative hypothermia. The fall into the two categories: o Surface Warming ? Warmed hospital blankets ? Water-circulating blankets ? Air-circulating blankets and mattresses ? Thermal drapes ? Infrared heating lamps ? Partial warm-water immersion ? Increased room temperature Internal Warming ? Heated and humidified air (used with intubated patients) ? Warmed intravenous (I. V) fluids ? Drug therapy.Approximately 21 million surgical operations performed in the United States or 84,000 operations per average day. †¢ Approximately 5,500 Hospitals have operating rooms and postoperative recovery rooms in the U. S o 31,365 postoperative hospital beds o 28,514 operating rooms in hospitals.Company Analysis: Augustine Medical, Inc. s a firm that develops and markets products for hospital operating rooms and postoperative recovery rooms.Founded by Dr. Scott Augustine, an anesthesiologist. His personal experiences in the field of medicine have helped Dr. Augustine develop a product that offered all the features that nurses and patients would appreciate the most.Initial capitalization of $500,000 that will be used to cover fixed costs such as: salaries, leased space, and promotional marketing during its first year of operation.The Bair Hugger Patient Warming System: The Bair Hugger Patient Warming system has several advantages over other treatments: ? Warm air makes patients feel warm and they stop shivering almost immediately. ? The system does not cause burns ? The system can be used safely around electrical equipment ? Disposable blankets eliminate the risk of cross-contamination ? The system does not require the patient to be lifted or rolled. o Consists of a heater/blower unit and separate inflatable covers or blankets (12 in total).The warming time per patient is about two hours. o Plastic covers are patented. Heater/blower unit does not have a patent. o Subcontr actors determined the costs of the components to be: ? $380 heater/blower unit ? $0. 85 per plastic disposable blanket. o The system is sold through medical product distributor organizations around the country. The margins paid to the distributors are: ? 30% of the delivered selling price on the heat/blower unit. ? 40% of the delivered selling price on the blankets†¢ Competitive Products: (Exhibit 1) |Advantage |Disadvantage | |Warmed Hospital blankets |Simple, safe, and inexpensive |Cool quickly | | | |Only insulation | |Water-Circulating Blankets |Slightly to moderately effective |Heavy, expensive | |Average Prices: | |Can cause burns | |Auto: $5,072. 0 (4,850+5,295) | |Leaks around electrical equipment | |Manual: $1800 after 40% discount | | | |Disposable blankets: $23 | | | |Reflective Thermal Drapes |Simple, safe |Preventive measure | |Average Price $6. 3 (head, drape, |Inexpensive |Only insulation, no heat transfers. | |leggings) | | | |Air-Circulating Blankets |Safe, lig htweight |Products not widely found in the U. S. | |Average Price $4,000 |More effective than hospital blankets | | | |and water-circulating blankets | |Trends Analysis: †¢ The Bair Hugger Patient is designed to control body temperature of postoperative patients and to treat hypothermia experienced by some patients after operations. o Medical research states that 60-80% of postoperative patients experience hypothermia.†¢ The firm projected that 1 system would be sold per 8 postoperative recovery room beds. Exhibit 2 Number of Postoperative Beds |Number of Hospitals |Projected Unit Sales |Projected Sales (# of | | | | |hospitals x Unit Sales) | |7-11 |1,281 |1 |1,281 units | |12-17 |391 |2 |782 units | |18-22 |135 |3 |405 units | |23-28 |47 |4 |188 units | |29-33 |17 |4 |68 units | |>33 (approx. 50) |17 |6 |102 units | |1,888 Hospitals | |2,826 units total |†¢ Marketing Research: Research commissioned by the firm indicated that hospitals with fewer than seven beds woul d most likely not be interested in Bair Hugger Patient Warming System. Potential Target Market: 1,888 hospitals accounting for about 80 % of all surgical operations in the U. S. o Projected sales demand of 2,826 heat/blower units†¢ Trend of interview responses after product demonstration: o Belief in making the patient feel more comfortable o Belief that the product would speed up recovery for postop patients o Free trial of product o Belief that the product is price sensitive to other cheaper methods o Purchase decisions need to be submitted for approval (above $1,500) Research suggested that introducing this product to hospitals would be a time-consuming process that would go through stages. The Hosworth-Climator is a product very similar to the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System and it is predicted that this product could be distributed in the United States next year.Problem Definition: The main problem pertaining to Augustine Medical Inc. is determining the selling price to hospitals for the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System. The system is comprised of two components: the heater/blower unit, and the plastic blankets. Determining the product’s selling price is of utmost importance since: it will influence the demand for the product among prospective buyers, determine the firm’s cash flow, allow the firm to prepare its promotional marketing/advertising budget, and it will provide essential information to its distributor organizations. Alternative Analysis: The problem that Augustine Medical Inc. s experiencing is determining the appropriate price for its product. The dilemma boils down to two major pricing strategy alternatives: Penetration pricing strategy and skimming pricing strategy. The two alternatives have strengths and weaknesses for the firm.†¢ Costs of Alternative products per treatment: o Warmed hospital blankets: (Exhibit 3) |Price per pound |Weight per blanket |# Of blankets per |Total Cost per application | | | |applica tion | | |$0. 13 |2 lbs. |7 |$1. 82 | o Water-circulating blankets: (Exhibit 4) Control Units |Average Price |Blankets |Average Price | |Automatic |$5,072. 50 |Reusable |$271. 50 | |Manual |$1,800. 00 |Disposable |$23. 00 |†¢ Automatic control units from $4,850 to $5,295†¢ Manual control units are $3,000. Discount 40%†¢ Reusable blankets from $168 to $375†¢ Disposable blankets from $20 to $26 o Reflective Thermal Drapes: (Exhibit 5) | |Average Price | |Adult Head cover |$0. 9 | |Drapes |$3. 24 [($2. 50/$3. 98)/2] | |Leggings |$3. 00 [$1. 50 x 2 legs] | |Total |$6. 73 | o Hosworth-Climator: priced at $4,000 Penetration Pricing Strategy alternative: this strategy consists of lowering prices to attract customers and gain market share.Advantages to the firm: o Research suggests that the price for this product is elastic compared to other alternatives so lowering the price is a good incentive for customers to try the product. Competitive advantage over competitors suc h as the Hosworth-Climator. o The product is not entirely protected by patents so competitors can create a similar product Disadvantages to the firm: o The firm must sell more units to break-evenLower profitability Calculations:†¢ Heater/blower unit: o Number of hospitals with more than seven beds: 1,888 o Projected Sales in units: 2,826 units o Unit selling price: $494 ? $380 cost per unit + $114 distribution markup o Projected Sales: $1,396,044 ? (2,826 units)*($494) o Cost of Units: $1,073,880 ? (2,826 units)*($380) o Cost of Unit distribution (30% of unit selling price): $322,164 ? (2,826 units)*($114)†¢ Blankets: Potential target market: 14,700,000 cases of postoperative patients with hypothermia. ? (21 million)*(70%)= 14,700,000 cases ? 1,225,000 stacks of 12 blankets each.†¢ [14,700,000/12 blankets] ? $10. 20 price per 12 blanket stacks.†¢ [$0. 85 x 12 blankets] ? Cost of blankets: $12,495,000†¢ (1,225,000 stacks)*($10. 20) o 12 blanket stack selling price after distribution: $21 o Cost of distribution cost per stack (40% of stack selling price): $8. 40 ? ($21)*(0. 40)=$8. 40 ? ($8. 40)*(1,225,000 stacks)= $10,290,000 o Total cost of distribution: $10,612,164 ? $10,290,000+$322,164 o Projected Sales from blankets ? $25,725,000†¢ (1,225,000 stacks)*($21 selling price) Exhibit 6 Sales from blankets |$25,725,000 | |Sales from units |$1,396,044 | |Total Sales |$27,121,044 | |Cost of blankets |- $12,495,000 | |Cost of units |- $1,073,880 | |Cost of distribution |-$10,612,164 | |Total Profit |$2,940,000 |o The calculations show that the firm is profitable under this strategy. Part of the strategy is offering the heater/blower unit for a discounted price of $494 ($380+$114). This price only takes into consideration the distribution cost and the cost to manufacture the heater/blower unit, no profit margin has been added to this price. Research suggested that physicians and nurses would want to try the product before attempting to m ake a purchase decision. The stack of disposable blankets is priced at $21. The selling price would cover the manufacturing and distribution costs of $10. 20 and $8. respectively, leaving $2. 40 per blanket contributing to profits.The purpose of this strategy is to attract potential customers and gain market share. In this strategy, sales revenue and profitability are driven by blanket sales since the heater/blower is a durable product and blankets are disposable products. In the short-run, profits will shrink as a result of fixed and variable costs of the units, but in the long run the firm will likely achieve its market share goal. In addition, the combined prices for both the unit and the blankets are less $1,500, allowing hospitals to make faster purchase decisions without the need of a budget committee approval.The discounted unit price of $494 serves as a great incentive for nurses and physicians that look for a durable product that is efficient, yet economical. Skimming Prici ng Strategy alternative: this strategy consists of setting prices high so that fewer sales are needed to break-even. Advantages to the firm: o The firm could sell fewer units to break-even o The Bair Hugger Patient Warming System is perceived to have better value when compared to competitive products o Research suggests that patient would recover faster using this product. o The product’s technology is not widely used in the United States so the company can position it as a premium quality product. Disadvantages for the firm: o Research suggests that the product is price elastic because of its cheaper substitutes. The company could fail to gain its desired market share because of the prices being too high ? There is not patent for the heater/blower unit. Competitors could easily replicate the heater/blower’s technology.Calculations: †¢ Heater/blower unit: o Projected Sales in Units: 2,826 heater/blowers o Unit selling price: $3,500 o Projected Unit Sales: $9,891,0 00 ? (2,826 units)*($3,500) o Cost of unit: $380 o Projected Cost of unit: $1,073,880 ? (2,826 units)*($380) o Cost of distribution per unit: $1,050 per unit ? ($3,500)*(30% distribution margin) o Projected Cost of unit distribution: $2,967,300 ? ($1,050 unit distribution)*(2,826 units)†¢ Blankets: Potential target market: 14,700,000 cases (70% of 21 million operations) ? 1,225,000 stacks of 12 blankets each (12 blankets per case) o Stack of blanket selling price: $25 o Projected blanket sales: $30,625,000 ? (1,225,000 stacks)*($25) o Cost per stack: $10. 20= ($0. 85)*(12 blankets per stack) oProjected Cost of blankets: $12,495,000 ? (1,225,000 stacks)*($10. 20) o Cost of distribution per stack of blankets: $10 per stack ? ($25)*(40% distribution margin) o Projected Cost of blanket distribution: $12,250,000 o Total cost of distribution: $15,217,300 ? $12,250,000+$2,967,300= $15,217,300 Exhibit 7 Sales from blankets |$30,625,000 | |Sales from units |$9,891,000 | |Total Sales |$4 0,516,000 | |Cost of blankets |$12,495,000 | |Cost of units |$1,073,880 | |Cost of distribution |$15,217,300 | |Total Profit |$11,729,000 | The skimming strategy allows the firm to sell fewer units to break-even. The calculations indicate that the firm will be very profitable if it achieves its desired demand of 2,826 heater/blower units and 1,225,000 stacks of blankets. The heater/blower is priced at $3,500 ($500 less than the most comparative product).This price point is attractive because is considerably less than water-circulating blankets’ prices that could range from $4,850 to $5,295. It is justifiable because the technology of the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System is perceived as more effective, and safer than other alternative methods. It is not widely used in the United States so the firm can position it as a cutting edge product. The unit’s selling price more than satisfies its costs of manufacturing and distribution with the remaining going straight to prof its. Under this strategy the disposable blankets are still the driving force of sales revenue because they are disposable and they are a complimentary product to the heater/blower unit.In the long run the demand for heat/blower units will decline and the demand for disposable blankets will continue to increase or remain constant. Stacks of 12 blankets are priced at $25 that will cover manufacture and distribution costs of $10. 20 and $10 respectively leaving almost $5 ($4. 80) contributing to profit. Recommendation Statement: The company’s problem is determining the price of the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System used to treat postoperative patients suffering from hypothermia. Based on the analysis of the two alternatives: Penetration and skimming pricing strategies, I have come to the conclusion that the skimming pricing strategy would be the most efficient in generating profits for the firm.Recommendation Arguments: Research commissioned by Augustine Medical Inc. ndicated t hat nurses and physicians interviewed believed that making the patient feel more comfortable is important. They also believed that the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System would speed up the recovery of postoperative patients. This means that the see value in the product and in my opinion would not mind paying a price of $3,500 per heat/blower unit and $25 per 12-blanket stack for a technology that is safe, more efficient, and not widely used in the United States. The unit-selling price is considerably more economical than other alternative methods such as water-circulating systems and $500 less than the other air-circulating product competitor.Some interview respondents felt that the product was price sensitive to other alternative methods. The strategy reflects that by pricing the blanket stacks at $25, within the $20-26 price range of similar products. In the long run sales from heat/blower units will decline or remain constant while the majority of revenue will be driven by blanke t sales because of their disposable use. I believe this is the most effective alternative to pricing the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System since it allows the firm to maximize profits in the short run by selling heat/blower units while at the same time ensuring that future revenue cash flows come from the sale of disposable blankets.

Experimental in science Essay

Experiment One: A researcher wanted to test the effect of caffeine on sleep. Fifty students volunteered to participate in the study and signed up for one of two nights. Thirty-three students participated on Tuesday night. They each were given two cups of regular coffee to drink one hour before going to sleep. Seventeen students participated on Wednesday night. They each were given two cups of decaffeinated coffee to drink one hour before going to sleep. Each student was monitored with an EEG (a test that looks at brain function) to record exactly when they fell asleep. Students in the caffeine group took significantly longer to fall asleep. The researcher concluded that caffeine interferes with the ability to fall asleep. 1. What was the independent variable for Experiment One? 2. What was the dependent variable for Experiment One? 3. What components of the experiment were set up properly? 4. How could Experiment One be improved? Experiment Two: A researcher wanted to determine if a new anti-anxiety drug decreased anxiety levels. Three hundred patients were given the new drug and three hundred patients were given a placebo (also known as a â€Å"sugar pill† that does not contain any medicine). All of the patients were told they were receiving the new drug and were monitored for six months. At the end of the six months, all of the patient information was analyzed and the researcher concluded that because the patients given the placebo indicated the same reduction in anxiety as the patients given the new drug, the new drug was ineffective in decreasing anxiety levels. 5. What was the independent variable for Experiment Two? 6. What was the dependent variable for Experiment Two? 7. What components of the experiment were set up properly? 8. How could Experiment Two be improved? 9. Describe how a variable was NOT controlled in one of the two experiments. How might this have impacted the results?

The Categorical Imperative Aga essays

The Categorical Imperative Aga essays The Categorical Imperative Again and Again Philosophy is repetitive and at many times unbelievably pointless. No wonder Immanuel Kant was a great philosopher. In the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant discusses his moral theory. A central topic in his philosophy is the categorical imperative, which he repeats several times, each time presenting a different formulation. But all formulations essentially contain the same basic ideas. In order to understand the ideas behind the categorical imperative, it is necessary to first examine the foundation that Kant builds for his philosophy of morals. To begin with, Kant draws an analogy between the laws of ethics and the laws of science. Just as the laws of science can be known by pure reason, the laws of ethics, or morality, can be known by practical reason. Morality, though, is a normative system, as opposed to the natural laws of science. A normative system prescribes what ought to happen, as opposed to a natural system that determines what actually does happen. Since morality only cares for what ought to happen and not with what actually happens, moral laws, then, must be found a priori. Everything a posteriori or discovered with the senses only shows with did happen, not what ought to have happened. Moral laws must not be derived from examples, since moral laws would hold even if there were no examples. Therefore, the foundation of morality for Kant must lie with reason alone. Rationality is the key to morality. Based on this premise, it follows that all rational beings must have the same moral laws, and all moral laws would have absolute necessity that would apply universally to all rational beings. An action to have moral worth, besides being a universal law, also must come from duty and duty alone. Duty is the cause of an action when it is done purely out of respect for the law. Kant distinguishes between two kinds of duties: perfect an...

An Evaluation of Human Productivity Using Computer and Internet

Both technology and Computers are more than ever present in our daily routines helping us achieve our objectives in a faster, secure and more professional way. The aim of this report is to evaluate whether Computers and Internet make people more productive. According to the information gathered, it turns out that in most cases they do in fact improve the overall productivity of people. It†s amazing how many new communications discoveries have improved the way people work, behave and conduct their lives. The term productive can be explained as â€Å"Yielding favorable or useful results; constructive. Or involved in the creation of goods and services to produce wealthy or value†. 1 Let me start by providing some of the new technological terms that have been changing the lifestyle of many people. Internet, or Information Super Highway, is aimed to improve accesses to information and corporate resources. â€Å"This communication will allow people to move faster, control communications costs, and overcome distance. It can also make your people more productive, empowering them with new tools to help meet business objectives.†2 Thanks to the Internet, people are more than ever able to share their information, thoughts and ideas faster. Another technology being used nowadays is called telecommuting. A simple explanation is that employees can now work from home, without having to go to their offices. According to many surveys, the number of people whom will adopt this working method will reach 45 millions people in the United States by the Year 2000. â€Å"Telecommuting provides me with a lot of flexibility†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ â€Å"And it allows me to balance my work load with my personal life. I feel that I’m definitely more productive.†3 This can only be accomplished by the lower price of hardware and software available in the market today. In addition, with lower-cost high-tech home office equipment available, the approach saves employers money on office space and overhead. This is only the tip of the iceberg, compared to the endless ways of how the use of Computers integrated with an Internet connection can make people more productive. Furthermore, lower software prices together with very well designed computer interfaces can also increase the productivity of workers. I can certainly say that well-designed user interface helps me better accomplish my daily tasks at work. Why? One of the major changes in computer technology has been the development of icons instead of command driven interfaces. According to the use of Human-Computer Interaction Studies, â€Å"only 5% to 20% of user interactions typically involve help, but although this reflects a small percentage in terms of data collection it can be very substantial one in terms of effort and frustration!†4 â€Å"GUI (Graphical User Interface) also provides interface options not available in character mode. The chance that they’re all irrelevant is slight; some will let you make people more productive.†5 An image is easier to be recognized by humans; thus well-designed software facilitates the tasks included in performing your job. This method yields constructive results, which is one of the definitions for productivity. In addition to that, many changes have been made in the way in which people connect themselves. The terminology LAN (Local Area Network) and WAN (Wide Area Network) are the methods used for people to connect in an office, within their houses or with friends around the world. Network Structure is related to the people working under the same building but not in the same area. The connections between different floors within a company can be achieved by using LANs. By means of LANs and WANs, people can contact their co-workers within the same building or the other side of the world by only sending them an e-mail message. Not only does this kind of information technology give people the ability to do their jobs more effectively, but also allows them to respond faster, yielding more productivity. â€Å"So, for instance, if your company has internal web sites in London, Singapore, Seattle, and New York, someone with a web browser could retrieve information from any of those sites with equal ease.†6 Again, this technique produces, in my opinion, favorable results not only for the user but also for the company. The aim is to make people more productive, to reduce cost and provide the best quality possible. To achieve this stage, such tools are necessary today. Not only e-mail messages make things simpler but also improve the speed in which people received/send their answers. A valid example where a user needs faster help is when a computer problem arises or you need to find out the next flight to â€Å"Spain†. Instead of calling the Telephone Company and asking for the telephone number of the carrier, one can just check the Internet for a fast, reliable information. Another example is when you need to fix your computer. You need that information as fast as you can get it. Nowadays, the use of on-line help has been proven a true value. Problems with printers, files and computers bugs can arise at any time. On-line help can easily provide that information for you or your company faster than spending time finding the number to call to customer service for help. Less time to fix the problem means more time to be productive. This example explains the ability to generate services, another explanation of productivity. Much has been said about the Internet and computers. But can computers without the Internet increase people†s productivity? I strongly believe that computers have increased the speed in which we accomplish our activities. According to many studies, my assumption is not always correct. A report states that †¦ â€Å"Information processing continues to be the principal task undertaken by America’s work force. Over half the labor force is employed in information-handling activities. Overall productivity growth appears to have slowed significantly since the early 1970s and measured productivity growth has fallen especially sharply in the service sectors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 7 But it also states that computers helped people to be more confident and therefore to feel more comfortable making decisions on their own. Computers are able to provide people with resources and material to facilitate their decision-making. They are becoming user-friendly enough for all to be able to use. This is one of the main reasons why the hi-tech companies today are facing such a state of grace, with outrageous revenues and endless room for new development of products. Many others believe that what is happening now is just the beginning and that we are entering in a new era as described by Peter Schwartz. He states that†¦ We are watching the beginnings of a global economic boom on a scale never experienced before. We have entered a period of sustained growth that could eventually double the world’s economy every dozen years and bring increasing prosperity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 8 With all this new technology emerging is not difficult to agree that much more is yet to come. If all the new technology will make tasks easier, improve quality and increase productivity, let this technology be part of the world and accessible by people. As stated before, computers are becoming a very important piece of equipment in our lives. Much can be done with computers. They are only tools that need to be driven by a smart, intelligent individual to generate the best outputs possible. An Evaluation of Human Productivity Using Computer and Internet Both technology and Computers are more than ever present in our daily routines helping us achieve our objectives in a faster, secure and more professional way. The aim of this report is to evaluate whether Computers and Internet make people more productive. According to the information gathered, it turns out that in most cases they do in fact improve the overall productivity of people. It†s amazing how many new communications discoveries have improved the way people work, behave and conduct their lives. The term productive can be explained as â€Å"Yielding favorable or useful results; constructive. Or involved in the creation of goods and services to produce wealthy or value†. 1 Let me start by providing some of the new technological terms that have been changing the lifestyle of many people. Internet, or Information Super Highway, is aimed to improve accesses to information and corporate resources. â€Å"This communication will allow people to move faster, control communications costs, and overcome distance. It can also make your people more productive, empowering them with new tools to help meet business objectives.†2 Thanks to the Internet, people are more than ever able to share their information, thoughts and ideas faster. Another technology being used nowadays is called telecommuting. A simple explanation is that employees can now work from home, without having to go to their offices. According to many surveys, the number of people whom will adopt this working method will reach 45 millions people in the United States by the Year 2000. â€Å"Telecommuting provides me with a lot of flexibility†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ â€Å"And it allows me to balance my work load with my personal life. I feel that I’m definitely more productive.†3 This can only be accomplished by the lower price of hardware and software available in the market today. In addition, with lower-cost high-tech home office equipment available, the approach saves employers money on office space and overhead. This is only the tip of the iceberg, compared to the endless ways of how the use of Computers integrated with an Internet connection can make people more productive. Furthermore, lower software prices together with very well designed computer interfaces can also increase the productivity of workers. I can certainly say that well-designed user interface helps me better accomplish my daily tasks at work. Why? One of the major changes in computer technology has been the development of icons instead of command driven interfaces. According to the use of Human-Computer Interaction Studies, â€Å"only 5% to 20% of user interactions typically involve help, but although this reflects a small percentage in terms of data collection it can be very substantial one in terms of effort and frustration!†4 â€Å"GUI (Graphical User Interface) also provides interface options not available in character mode. The chance that they’re all irrelevant is slight; some will let you make people more productive.†5 An image is easier to be recognized by humans; thus well-designed software facilitates the tasks included in performing your job. This method yields constructive results, which is one of the definitions for productivity. In addition to that, many changes have been made in the way in which people connect themselves. The terminology LAN (Local Area Network) and WAN (Wide Area Network) are the methods used for people to connect in an office, within their houses or with friends around the world. Network Structure is related to the people working under the same building but not in the same area. The connections between different floors within a company can be achieved by using LANs. By means of LANs and WANs, people can contact their co-workers within the same building or the other side of the world by only sending them an e-mail message. Not only does this kind of information technology give people the ability to do their jobs more effectively, but also allows them to respond faster, yielding more productivity. â€Å"So, for instance, if your company has internal web sites in London, Singapore, Seattle, and New York, someone with a web browser could retrieve information from any of those sites with equal ease.†6 Again, this technique produces, in my opinion, favorable results not only for the user but also for the company. The aim is to make people more productive, to reduce cost and provide the best quality possible. To achieve this stage, such tools are necessary today. Not only e-mail messages make things simpler but also improve the speed in which people received/send their answers. A valid example where a user needs faster help is when a computer problem arises or you need to find out the next flight to â€Å"Spain†. Instead of calling the Telephone Company and asking for the telephone number of the carrier, one can just check the Internet for a fast, reliable information. Another example is when you need to fix your computer. You need that information as fast as you can get it. Nowadays, the use of on-line help has been proven a true value. Problems with printers, files and computers bugs can arise at any time. On-line help can easily provide that information for you or your company faster than spending time finding the number to call to customer service for help. Less time to fix the problem means more time to be productive. This example explains the ability to generate services, another explanation of productivity. Much has been said about the Internet and computers. But can computers without the Internet increase people†s productivity? I strongly believe that computers have increased the speed in which we accomplish our activities. According to many studies, my assumption is not always correct. A report states that †¦ â€Å"Information processing continues to be the principal task undertaken by America’s work force. Over half the labor force is employed in information-handling activities. Overall productivity growth appears to have slowed significantly since the early 1970s and measured productivity growth has fallen especially sharply in the service sectors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 7 But it also states that computers helped people to be more confident and therefore to feel more comfortable making decisions on their own. Computers are able to provide people with resources and material to facilitate their decision-making. They are becoming user-friendly enough for all to be able to use. This is one of the main reasons why the hi-tech companies today are facing such a state of grace, with outrageous revenues and endless room for new development of products. Many others believe that what is happening now is just the beginning and that we are entering in a new era as described by Peter Schwartz. He states that†¦ We are watching the beginnings of a global economic boom on a scale never experienced before. We have entered a period of sustained growth that could eventually double the world’s economy every dozen years and bring increasing prosperity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 8 With all this new technology emerging is not difficult to agree that much more is yet to come. If all the new technology will make tasks easier, improve quality and increase productivity, let this technology be part of the world and accessible by people. As stated before, computers are becoming a very important piece of equipment in our lives. Much can be done with computers. They are only tools that need to be driven by a smart, intelligent individual to generate the best outputs possible.

Federal vs State Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Federal vs State Law - Case Study Example The manhunt that followed led police to led police to one Mr. David Harris who after being grilled pointed a finger Randall Adams as the trigger man (Gillers 117). Based on Harris’s testimony, Randall Adams convicted for murder and sentenced to death. The conviction however, later became one of the most infamous miscarriages of justice in America. Mr. Adams, as would later be proved, was not the killer. In fact, he was not in Harris’s car when the officer was killed. He was only railroaded to prison because his shaggy appearance made him look like a criminal as compared to young David Harris. However, in 1980, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional for Texas to require that jurors must promise that the obligatory inconvenience of a capital punishment would not meddle with their thought of verifiable matters, for example, blame or purity, amid a trial. The case was eventually thrown out and Adams released after 12 years behind bars. The unconditionality of some of the state laws were eventually put to light as seen in the case of Adams. Thus, the need to revise such laws that predetermined a suspect’s innocence or guilt was raised.